Oil Export Resilience: Kazakhstan is looking for alternative ways to export its oil as CPC disruptions and tanker attacks expose how much crude depends on the Black Sea route. BRICS Trade & Payments: At the 18th BRICS Summit in New Delhi, leaders backed local-currency transfers and practical payment links, while PM Modi warned against weaponisation of technology and critical minerals. Nuclear Safety Warning: BRICS also flagged deliberate attacks on civilian infrastructure and peaceful nuclear facilities under IAEA safeguards, calling for stronger disarmament and arms-control efforts. Kazakhstan-India Connectivity: Modi met President Tokayev to push connectivity, critical minerals, energy and investment, with transport corridors and the Trans-Caspian route on the agenda. Mining & Agriculture Cooperation: Kazakhstan and Malawi discussed expanding trade in mining, agriculture and food security, plus digital public services and workforce training. Industrial Environment Modernisation: Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan exchanged know-how on BAT (best available technologies), industrial audits and a joint digital platform for environmental permitting data. Tourism Deal: Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan are intensifying tourism cooperation, highlighted around Uzbekistan’s International Tourism Fair preparations.